{"id":9362,"date":"2023-11-21T11:03:19","date_gmt":"2023-11-21T14:03:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/elemarjr.com\/clube-de-estudos\/?post_type=artigos&#038;p=9362"},"modified":"2023-12-27T08:55:50","modified_gmt":"2023-12-27T11:55:50","slug":"ddd-ajuda-a-pensar-em-rest-do-jeito-certo","status":"publish","type":"artigos","link":"https:\/\/elemarjr.com\/clube-de-estudos\/artigos\/ddd-ajuda-a-pensar-em-rest-do-jeito-certo\/","title":{"rendered":"DDD Ajuda a Pensar em REST do Jeito Certo"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Explorar a interse\u00e7\u00e3o de <em>REST<\/em> e <em>Domain-driven Design<\/em> (DDD) pode abrir um novo horizonte na maneira como estruturamos APIs. REST \u00e9 uma arquitetura escolhida por muitos para criar APIs na web devido \u00e0 sua simplicidade e efici\u00eancia. Por outro lado, DDD proporciona um foco intensivo no dom\u00ednio e na l\u00f3gica do neg\u00f3cio, algo que podemos usar para refinar e estruturar melhor nosso design de API.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A Simbiose de REST e DDD<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Como podemos alinhar os recursos de uma API REST com o modelo de dom\u00ednio do neg\u00f3cio usando DDD? A resposta passa pela percep\u00e7\u00e3o de que os recursos expostos pela API devem refletir os agregados definidos no DDD. Essa conex\u00e3o n\u00e3o s\u00f3 melhora a consist\u00eancia, mas tamb\u00e9m alinha a interface tecnol\u00f3gica com as necessidades do neg\u00f3cio.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Agregados e Recursos REST<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Os agregados s\u00e3o um conceito central em DDD, agrupando entidades e objetos de valor que se relacionam e s\u00e3o tratados como uma unidade. Suponha que temos um agregado chamado &#8216;Pedido&#8217;, que inclui itens, uma refer\u00eancia ao cliente e informa\u00e7\u00f5es de pagamento.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Em REST, este agregado pode ser representado como um recurso com endpoints como:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>GET \/orders\/{id}<\/code>: para recuperar um pedido espec\u00edfico.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>POST \/orders<\/code>: para criar um novo pedido.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>PUT \/orders\/{id}<\/code>: para atualizar um pedido existente.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>No c\u00f3digo C#, isso pode ser representado por uma classe <code>Order<\/code> e m\u00e9todos correspondentes em um controlador:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;line-height:1.25rem\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#2e3440ff\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"public class Order\n{\n    public Guid Id { get; set; }\n    public Customer Customer { get; set; }\n    public List<Item&gt; Items { get; set; }\n    public Payment Payment { get; set; }\n}\n\n[Route(&quot;api\/orders&quot;)]\npublic class OrdersController : ApiController\n{\n    [HttpGet(&quot;{id}&quot;)]\n    public IActionResult GetOrder(Guid id)\n    {\n        \/\/ Implementa\u00e7\u00e3o para recuperar um pedido\n    }\n\n    [HttpPost]\n    public IActionResult CreateOrder([FromBody] Order order)\n    {\n        \/\/ Implementa\u00e7\u00e3o para criar um novo pedido\n    }\n\n    [HttpPut(&quot;{id}&quot;)]\n    public IActionResult UpdateOrder(Guid id, [FromBody] Order order)\n    {\n        \/\/ Implementa\u00e7\u00e3o para atualizar um pedido\n    }\n}\" style=\"color:#d8dee9ff;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki nord\" style=\"background-color: #2e3440ff\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #8FBCBB\">Order<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">{<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> Guid Id <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">{<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">get;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">set;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> Customer Customer <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">{<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">get;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">set;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> List<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">Item<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> Items <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">{<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">get;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">set;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> Payment Payment <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">{<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">get;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">set;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">[<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">Route<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">api\/orders<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)]<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #8FBCBB\">OrdersController<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">:<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> ApiController<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">{<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">[<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">HttpGet<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">{id}<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)]<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> IActionResult <\/span><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">GetOrder<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">Guid id<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">{<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #616E88\">\/\/ Implementa\u00e7\u00e3o para recuperar um pedido<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">[<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">HttpPost<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">]<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> IActionResult <\/span><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">CreateOrder<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">([<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">FromBody<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">]<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> Order order<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">{<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #616E88\">\/\/ Implementa\u00e7\u00e3o para criar um novo pedido<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">[<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">HttpPut<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">{id}<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)]<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> IActionResult <\/span><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">UpdateOrder<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">Guid id<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">,<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">[<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">FromBody<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">]<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> Order order<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">{<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #616E88\">\/\/ Implementa\u00e7\u00e3o para atualizar um pedido<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">}<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Essa abordagem garante que os recursos da API estejam fortemente vinculados ao modelo do dom\u00ednio e mantenham a integridade e as regras de neg\u00f3cio contidas nos agregados.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">REST Alinhado com o Neg\u00f3cio<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Utilizar DDD como base para modelar uma API REST garante que cada recurso fa\u00e7a sentido dentro do contexto maior do neg\u00f3cio. Isso n\u00e3o apenas facilita o entendimento da API para os desenvolvedores e stakeholders, mas tamb\u00e9m promove uma integra\u00e7\u00e3o mais natural com outros sistemas e uma evolu\u00e7\u00e3o mais sustent\u00e1vel da aplica\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclus\u00e3o<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A aplica\u00e7\u00e3o de DDD no design de APIs RESTful n\u00e3o \u00e9 apenas uma metodologia; ela \u00e9 um reflexo da estrat\u00e9gia do neg\u00f3cio traduzida em tecnologia. Os agregados ajudam a definir os recursos da API de maneira clara, promovendo a consist\u00eancia e a modulariza\u00e7\u00e3o. Essa simbiose entre REST e DDD fornece uma estrutura significativa para a cria\u00e7\u00e3o de APIs robustas e alinhadas com o modelo de neg\u00f3cio.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Este entendimento \u00e9 valioso ao construir sistemas escal\u00e1veis e sustent\u00e1veis e \u00e9 um tema central em meus grupos de estudo e mentorias, onde discutimos e aplicamos conceitos como este em cen\u00e1rios do mundo real.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">TL;DR<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>REST e DDD se complementam para a cria\u00e7\u00e3o de APIs alinhadas com o dom\u00ednio do neg\u00f3cio.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Agregados do DDD servem como uma excelente base para estruturar os recursos em APIs REST.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A pr\u00e1tica incorpora integridade ao modelo, facilita a manuten\u00e7\u00e3o e promove a modulariza\u00e7\u00e3o das APIs.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":9363,"parent":0,"template":"","cursos":[12],"class_list":["post-9362","artigos","type-artigos","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","cursos-ddd-do-jeito-certo"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/elemarjr.com\/clube-de-estudos\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/artigos\/9362","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/elemarjr.com\/clube-de-estudos\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/artigos"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/elemarjr.com\/clube-de-estudos\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/artigos"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/elemarjr.com\/clube-de-estudos\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9363"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/elemarjr.com\/clube-de-estudos\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9362"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"cursos","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/elemarjr.com\/clube-de-estudos\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/cursos?post=9362"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}